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	<title>The RockWare Blog &#187; Block Model</title>
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	<link>http://www.rockware.com/blog</link>
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		<title>Layering Profiles and Cross-Sections in RockWorks</title>
		<link>http://www.rockware.com/blog/rockworks/layering-profiles-and-cross-sections-in-rockworks/</link>
		<comments>http://www.rockware.com/blog/rockworks/layering-profiles-and-cross-sections-in-rockworks/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Mar 2013 18:28:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Molly</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[RockWorks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Block Model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cross Section]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geological diagrams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rockworks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Solid models]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stratigraphy]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.rockware.com/blog/?p=558</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[RockWorks allows you to create cross-section and profile diagrams of a variety of types of data &#8211; such as modeled lithology, stratigraphy, aquifer, geochemical or geophysical data, fractures, etc.  It can be very helpful to layer these profiles to determine, &#8230; <a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/rockworks/layering-profiles-and-cross-sections-in-rockworks/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>RockWorks allows you to create cross-section and profile diagrams of a variety of types of data &#8211; such as modeled lithology, stratigraphy, aquifer, geochemical or geophysical data, fractures, etc.  It can be very helpful to layer these profiles to determine, for example, the spatial relationship between a contaminant hotspot and the stratigraphic layers, or your water levels and the lithologic environment.</p>
<p>I&#8217;ll describe here an easy way to pop one profile onto another &#8211; in this example overlaying a benzene profile on top of a stratigraphy profile.</p>
<p>1. Create your two profile diagrams using the same annotation settings and the same profile slice.  This assures that the profile panels will have the same coordinate range.  I find it helpful to arrange the two profile windows on my screen, one above the other, so that they are both accessible.</p>
<div id="attachment_560" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 510px"><img class="size-full wp-image-560" title="RockWorks I-Data Profile and Stratigraphy Profile Diagrams" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/tips1a_sm.png" alt="RockWorks I-Data Profile and Stratigraphy Profile Diagrams" width="500" height="407" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Arrange both profiles on your screen so they&#39;re both visible.</p></div>
<p>2. With the RockPlot Edit Arrow tool activated, click on the I-Data profile contours to select them. (Note the red selection handles in the panel corners in the upper image.) Type Ctrl+C to copy this layer into memory.</p>
<div id="attachment_561" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 510px"><img class="size-full wp-image-561" title="Select and Copy the I-Data Profile" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/tips2a_sm.png" alt="Select and Copy the I-Data Profile" width="500" height="407" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Click on the I-Data profile color contours to select that layer, and copy it to the clipboard.</p></div>
<p>3. Click in the Stratigraphy profile window and type Ctrl+V to paste the I-Data profile into this diagram.</p>
<div id="attachment_562" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 510px"><img class="size-full wp-image-562" title="Paste the I-Data panel onto the Stratigraphy profile" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/tips3a_sm.png" alt="Paste the I-Data panel onto the Stratigraphy profile" width="500" height="408" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Paste the I-Data panel onto the Stratigraphy profile</p></div>
<p>4. Double-click on the I-Data layer you just pasted into the combined diagram to adjust the minimum contour level and transparency, so that the stratigraphic layers will be visible in the background.</p>
<div id="attachment_563" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 367px"><img class="size-full wp-image-563" title="Adjust the I-Data Profile Settings" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/tips4.png" alt="Adjust the I-Data Profile Settings" width="357" height="334" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Adjust the minimum contour level and/or transparency.</p></div>
<p>5. Click OK to close the Colorfill Attributes window.</p>
<div id="attachment_564" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 510px"><img class="size-full wp-image-564" title="I-Data Profile Contours Overlaying Stratigraphy Layers" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/tips5a_sm.png" alt="I-Data Profile Contours Overlaying Stratigraphy Layers" width="500" height="408" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Now you can see the stratigraphic profile in the background.</p></div>
<p>6. If you like, you can copy /paste the I-Data color legend in to the combined diagram.  Use your mouse to resize/rearrange the legends as desired.</p>
<div id="attachment_565" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 510px"><img class="size-full wp-image-565" title="Combined Stratigraphy and Benzene Profiles" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/tips6a_sm.png" alt="Combined Stratigraphy and Benzene Profiles" width="500" height="408" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Combined Stratigraphy and Benzene Profiles</p></div>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Exporting Lithologic Surfaces to DXF</title>
		<link>http://www.rockware.com/blog/rockworks/exporting-lithologic-surfaces-to-dxf/</link>
		<comments>http://www.rockware.com/blog/rockworks/exporting-lithologic-surfaces-to-dxf/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Nov 2012 17:44:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Molly</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[RockWorks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Block Model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DXF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Science Software]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geological diagrams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[GIS Connectivity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Isopach Grid Model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lithology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rockworks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Solid models]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sub-surface data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Voxel Model]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.rockware.com/blog/?p=518</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As RockWorks view the world, lithology materials are not necessarily layered &#8211; they can repeat within a single borehole and may be inconsistent in sequence across the project area. As such, RockWorks uses a solid modeling process, rather than surface-modeling, &#8230; <a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/rockworks/exporting-lithologic-surfaces-to-dxf/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: left;">As RockWorks view the world, lithology materials are not necessarily layered &#8211; they can repeat within a single borehole and may be inconsistent in sequence across the project area. As such, RockWorks uses a solid modeling process, rather than surface-modeling, to create lithology models, with the 3D nodes or voxels assigned a material type and represented in the 3D viewer as color-coded blocks.</p>
<div id="attachment_519" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lith011.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-519" title="RockWorks software: Lithology Model in RockPlot3D" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lith011-300x160.jpg" alt="RockWorks software: Lithology Model in RockPlot3D" width="300" height="160" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Lithology Model in RockPlot3D</p></div>
<p style="text-align: left;">This presents a challenge, then, for users who wish to view lithologic SURFACES as plan-view contour maps, or in 3D, or exported to CAD.</p>
<p>In RockPlot3D you can access the lithology model&#8217;s Options window and filter the display for the desired material type, or range of types. Here is the above model filtered to display the Soil voxels only.</p>
<div id="attachment_520" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lith01_sandonly.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-520" title="RockWorks software: Lithology Model Filtered for Soil Only" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lith01_sandonly-300x97.jpg" alt="RockWorks software: Lithology Model Filtered for Soil Only" width="300" height="97" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Lithology Model Filtered for Soil Only</p></div>
<p style="text-align: left;">This can be exported to DXF, but note that you&#8217;ll be getting all of the blocks representing that material. (Shown here in black and white for contrast purposes.)</p>
<div id="attachment_521" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lith01_sandonly_dxf.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-521" title="RockWorks software: Lithology Model Soil Voxels Exported to DXF" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lith01_sandonly_dxf-300x140.jpg" alt="RockWorks software: Lithology Model Soil Voxels Exported to DXF" width="300" height="140" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Lithology Model Soil Voxels Exported to DXF</p></div>
<p style="text-align: left;">If you need a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">surface</span> rather than blocks, RockWorks also has tools which will fit a surface to the uppermost elevations or the lowermost elevations of a rock type in a lithology model. These are in the Lithology | Superface (Top) and Subface (Base) menus. Here is an example of the same soil lithotype extracted as a surface (upper elevations), and displayed in RockPlot3D and then exported to DXF.</p>
<div id="attachment_522" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lith01_sandonly_topsurface.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-522 " title="RockWare software: Surface Representing Top of Soil" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lith01_sandonly_topsurface-300x90.jpg" alt="RockWare software: Surface Representing Top of Soil" width="300" height="90" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Surface Representing Top of Soil, Displayed in RockPlot3D</p></div>
<div id="attachment_523" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lith01_sandonly_topsurface_dxf.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-523" title="RockWare software: DXF Surface Representing Top of Soil" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lith01_sandonly_topsurface_dxf-300x99.jpg" alt="RockWare software: DXF Surface Representing Top of Soil" width="300" height="99" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">DXF Surface Representing Top of Soil</p></div>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Computing Aggregate Reserves for a Site with Two Isolated Carbonate Units</title>
		<link>http://www.rockware.com/blog/rockworks/computing-aggregate-reserves-for-a-site-with-two-isolated-carbonate-units/</link>
		<comments>http://www.rockware.com/blog/rockworks/computing-aggregate-reserves-for-a-site-with-two-isolated-carbonate-units/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Mar 2012 00:19:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Mike D</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Consulting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RockWorks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[3D Log Diagram]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aggregate quality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Block Model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fence Diagram]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[I-Data / Model menu]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[I-Data model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lithology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[logs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mining strategy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[solid model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stratabound filter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stratigraphic Model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stratigraphy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stratigraphy model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[voxels]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[“Stratabound” option]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.rockware.com/blog/?p=350</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This paper describes how to use RockWorks to compute total economic reserves for a site that includes two carbonate units: an upper limestone and a lower dolomite, separated by a shale unit. It involves creating separate I-Data models using the &#8230; <a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/rockworks/computing-aggregate-reserves-for-a-site-with-two-isolated-carbonate-units/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: left;">This paper describes how to use <a href="http://www.rockware.com/product/overview.php?id=165" target="_blank">RockWorks</a> to compute total economic reserves for a site that includes two carbonate units: an upper limestone and a lower dolomite, separated by a shale unit. It involves creating separate I-Data models using the Stratabound filter, combining the models, and checking them against the observed log data.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Link to original paper: <a href="http://www.rockware.com/assets/products/165/casestudies/6/9/computing_aggregate_reserves.pdf">http://www.rockware.com/assets/products/165/casestudies/6/9/computing_aggregate_reserves.pdf</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"> <a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/http-www.rockware.com-assets-products-165-casestudies-6-9-computing_aggregate_reserves.pdf-Adobe-Acrobat-Standard3.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-352" title="http---www.rockware.com-assets-products-165-casestudies-6-9-computing_aggregate_reserves.pdf - Adobe Acrobat Standard" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/http-www.rockware.com-assets-products-165-casestudies-6-9-computing_aggregate_reserves.pdf-Adobe-Acrobat-Standard3.jpg" alt="" width="216" height="138" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"> <strong><span style="color: #000000;">Introduction</span></strong></p>
<p> <span style="color: #000000;">The purpose of this study is to compute the total economic reserves for a site that includes two carbonate </span><span style="color: #000000;">units; an upper limestone and a lower dolomite separated by a shale unit. Quality analyses have been </span><span style="color: #000000;">obtained at one-foot intervals within the carbonates. The following diagram depicts a typical log showing </span><span style="color: #000000;">the lithology, stratigraphy, and aggregate quality.</span></p>
<div id="attachment_353" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 224px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/http___www.rockware1.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-353 " title="http___www.rockware" src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/http___www.rockware1.bmp" alt="" width="214" height="372" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Figure 1: Typical log depicting aggregate quality (bargraph on left), stratigraphy (patterns in center), and lithology (subdivisions within stratigraphy)</p></div>
<p><strong><span style="color: #000000;">Step 1. The Problem</span></strong></p>
<p><span style="color: #000000;">Modeling the rock quality en-masse is problematic because the node values would include the quality </span><span style="color: #000000;">values for both the limestone and the dolomite. The following diagrams depict a solid model based on the </span><span style="color: #000000;">rock quality and a stratigraphic block model. Notice how the rock quality (I-Data) model interpolates </span><span style="color: #000000;">quality values where there is no corresponding carbonate.</span></p>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_360" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 301px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/figure22.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-360 " src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/figure22.bmp" alt="" width="291" height="132" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">Figure 2: Problematic &#8220;Bulk&#8221; Rock Quality Model</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">Compare the rock quality model with stratigraphy model below and note how quality values are interpolated where there is no carbonate.</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_361" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 339px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure3.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-361 " src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure3.bmp" alt="" width="329" height="154" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">Figure 3: Stratigraphic Model</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p style="text-align: left;" align="left"> Compare this stratigraphic model with bulk rock quality model above and note how quality values were interpreted within overburden (light yellow) and interburden.</p>
<p align="left"><strong>Step 2. The Solution</strong></p>
<p align="left">The solution to this problem is to use the “Stratabound” option within the I-Data / Model menu. Two rock-quality models were created; one for the upper limestone and another for the lower dolomite.</p>
<p align="left">In the example below, the I-data model is confined to points and nodes within the Hanford Limestone unit.</p>
<div id="attachment_364" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 297px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure4.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-364 " src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure4.bmp" alt="" width="287" height="160" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Figure4: Hanford Limestone Rock-quality Model</p></div>
<p align="left"> In this example, the I-Data model is confined to points and nodes within Shuller Dolomite.</p>
<div id="attachment_365" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 302px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure5.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-365 " src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure5.bmp" alt="" width="292" height="158" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Figure5: Shuller Dolomite Rock Quality Model</p></div>
<p align="left"><strong>Step 3. Combining the Models</strong></p>
<p align="left">The next step involved adding the two models together and removing all voxels with a quality value less than 50 (the minimum acceptable quality).</p>
<div id="attachment_366" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 231px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure6.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-366 " src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure6.bmp" alt="" width="221" height="134" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Figure6: Fence diagram depicting combined rock-quality models for upper limestone and lower dolomite.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_369" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 270px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure7.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-369 " src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure7.bmp" alt="" width="260" height="162" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Figure 7: Block Model depicting voxels with a quality value greater than 50.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_370" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 271px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure8.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-370 " src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure8.bmp" alt="" width="261" height="163" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Figure 8: Block model depicting zones from previous model in which the thickness for any single contiguous ore zone is more than 6 feet thick for any given column.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_372" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 270px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure10.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-372 " src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure10.bmp" alt="" width="260" height="161" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Figure 10: Block model depicting zones from previous model in which the stripping ratio is less than 1.2. This area represents a good place to start mining in order to gain the highest return on investment.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: left;"> <strong>Step 4. Checking the Model</strong></p>
<p align="left">The final, and most important step, is to create a 3D log diagram, combine it with the final ore model, and examine the data to see if it make sense.</p>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: center;">
<dl id="attachment_373" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 335px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure11.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-373 " src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure11.bmp" alt="" width="325" height="169" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">Figure 11: 3-Dimensional Lithology/Quality Logs Combined With Final Ore Model.</dd>
</dl>
<div id="attachment_367" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 256px"><a href="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure12.bmp"><img class="size-full wp-image-367 " src="http://www.rockware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Figure12.bmp" alt="" width="246" height="209" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Figure 12: Enlargement of area around highest-ROI ore depicting lithology and quality logs.</p></div>
</div>
<p align="left"><strong>Step 5. Conclusion</strong></p>
<p align="left">By combining the preceding approach with increasingly more tolerant filter cutoffs, it is possible to create a mining strategy that will yield the highest return on investment from the onset.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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